依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>
    <artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
    <version>3.4.0</version> <!-- 请根据最新版本进行调整 -->
</dependency>

暴露接口

@DubboService

package com.example.provider;
import com.example.api.HelloService;
import org.apache.dubbo.config.annotation.DubboService;
@DubboService
public class HelloServiceImpl implements HelloService {
    @Override
    public String sayHello(String name) {
        return "Hello, " + name;
    }
}

调用服务

@DubboReference

package com.example.consumer;
import com.example.api.HelloService;
import org.apache.dubbo.config.annotation.DubboReference;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
@Component
public class HelloClient {
    @DubboReference
    private HelloService helloService;
    public void greet(String name) {
        String message = helloService.sayHello(name);
        System.out.println(message);
    }
}

序列化

implements Serializable

package com.example.api;
import java.io.Serializable;
public class User implements Serializable {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
    private String name;
    private int age;
}

provider.yml

server:
  port: 18081
spring:
  datasource:
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/dubbo-demo?useSSL=false
    username: root
    password: root
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
  application:
    name: user-provider
logging:
  level:
    cn.itcast: debug
  pattern:
    dateformat: HH:mm:ss:SSS
dubbo:
  protocol:
    name: dubbo
    port: 20881
  registry:
    address: nacos://127.0.0.1:8848
  scan:
    base-packages: cn.itcast.user.service

consumer.yml

server:
  port: 18080
spring:
  application:
    name: user-consumer
logging:
  level:
    cn.itcast: debug
  pattern:
    dateformat: HH:mm:ss:SSS
dubbo:
  registry:
    address: nacos://127.0.0.1:8848

最佳实践

启动检查

dubbo:
  registry:
    address: nacos://127.0.0.1:8848
  consumer:
    check: false

多版本

provider指定版本

@DubboService(version = “2.0.0”)
public class UserServiceImpl2 implements UserService {
    …………
}

消费者调用指定版本

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {
    //引用远程服务
    @DubboReference(version = "2.0.0")
    private UserService userService;    
    ………
}

整合SpringCLoudAlibaba

依赖

        <!-- Nacos Discovery 用于服务发现 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!--springcloud alibaba dubbo依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-dubbo</artifactId>
        </dependency>

服务提供者接口暴露

@DubboService
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {

    @Autowired
    private UserMapper userMapper;

    public User queryById(Long id) {
        return userMapper.findById(id);
    }
}

服务消费者远程调用

    @DubboReference
    private UserService userService;

provider.yml

server:
  port: 8081
spring:
  datasource:
    url: jdbc:mysql://192.168.80.40:3306/dubbo-demo?useSSL=false
    username: root
    password: 123456
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
  cloud:
    nacos:
      discovery:
        server-addr: localhost:8848
  application:
    name: user-service

logging:
  level:
    cn.itcast: debug
  pattern:
    dateformat: HH:mm:ss:SSS

dubbo:
  protocol:
    name: dubbo
    port: 20881
  registry:
    address: spring-cloud://localhost #使用springCloud注册中心的地址
  scan:
    base-packages: cn.itcast.user.service

Consumer.yml

server:
  port: 8082
spring:
  datasource:
    url: jdbc:mysql://192.168.80.40:3306/dubbo-demo?useSSL=false
    username: root
    password: 123456
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
  cloud:
    nacos:
      discovery:
        server-addr: localhost:8848
  application:
    name: order-service

dubbo:
  registry:
    address: spring-cloud://localhost #使用springCloud注册中心的地址
  consumer:
    check: false
    retries: 0

logging:
  pattern:
    dateformat: HH:mm:ss:SSS
  level:
    cn.itcast: debug